Sign-up pages to checkout process forms pop up nearly everywhere, but not all users experience them the same way. Form accessibility is quite an integral part of creating inclusive experiences for everyone using the web.
Accessible forms let more people engage with the content, reduce frustration, and foster a sense of loyalty. For businesses, accessibility means higher conversion rates, fewer user drop-offs, and a high level of compliance with accessibility standards.
In this guide, we’ll walk through form accessibility step-by-step, showing you how to design forms that benefit both users and businesses and improve people’s everyday experiences.
What Are Accessible Forms?
Imagine trying to fill out a form but not being able to see where to type or hitting “Submit” only to realize it doesn’t work with your keyboard. Pretty frustrating, right? That’s what tons of people deal with when forms aren’t accessible.
Accessible forms are made for everyone to use, whether someone’s navigating with a screen reader, tapping through with a keyboard, or even dealing with color blindness.
Accessible forms let everyone take part and interact comfortably online—no barriers, no exclusions, just good design that works for all.
Why Accessibility Matters in Forms
Forms are everywhere online: sign-ups, shopping checkouts, feedback forms, and more. But they aren’t always friendly to people with disabilities.
In fact, 1.3 billion, or about 16% of the global population, has some form of disability. Without accessible forms, a considerable number of people are left out or struggle to perform many simple tasks.
Accessible forms help people engage fully by using assistive technology. This way, more people can complete forms, which results in happier users and fewer frustrations.
This inclusive experience also presents your business opportunities to a wider audience by including everyone who wants to connect with you.
Accessible forms also help with WCAG compliance (Web Content Accessibility Guidelines). These guidelines determine how to make web content usable for all. If a site is WCAG compliant, businesses could avoid legal trouble.
Common Features of Accessible Forms
Accessible forms aren’t just about looking good; they function for everyone. Here’s what sets them apart.
Labels and Instructions
Every form field needs a label, but not just any label. It should be clear, descriptive, and ideally close to the input field.
For example, instead of “Name,” try “First Name (as it appears on your ID).” This helps everyone, especially users with cognitive disabilities or those using screen readers.
Keyboard Navigation
Not everyone uses a mouse. Some users navigate entirely by keyboard, which means forms should work smoothly with keyboard-only controls.
A truly accessible form lets users tab through fields in a logical order. For example, if a “Next” button isn’t reachable by pressing Tab, it’s a problem. Good keyboard navigation lets everyone, especially those with motor disabilities, fill out forms without roadblocks.
Error Messages and Validation
Ever typed something wrong in a form and got a message like “Invalid input”? Accessible forms provide clear error messages that say exactly what went wrong.
“Please enter a valid email address” beats “Error!” any day.
These messages should appear near the field with the problem so users know exactly where to correct them. Accessible error handling makes forms less stressful and more user-friendly.
Form Structure and Headings
Think of form headings as the chapters of a book. They guide users, especially those with screen readers, through different sections without confusion.
Headers and logical groupings make it easier to understand the form flow. Organizing your form with headings and grouped sections keeps things clear and structured.
Why Are Accessible Forms Important?
Alright, picture this: you’re excited to sign up for an event, but the form doesn’t work with your keyboard, or you can’t make out the labels because of poor contrast.
You’d probably give up, right? When forms aren’t accessible, that’s pretty much what a lot of people do. Form accessibility lets everyone—no matter their abilities use your forms easily.
It’s not just about helping those with disabilities; it’s about making forms that work better for everyone. And yes, it’s good for business too. Let’s break down why accessible forms are good for everyone.
Improving User Experience
Accessible forms do more than just meet web accessibility guidelines. They create a smoother, friendlier experience for every user. When forms are accessible, they’re clearer and easier to complete, so more people get through them without a hitch.
Inaccessible forms mean that nearly a third of people with a learning disability can’t have proper access. User frustration drops when your forms have proper labels, logical field orders, and clear instructions.
All of this gives you one major benefit: a higher form completion rate! More people finish the form, which means fewer abandoned shopping carts, more feedback submitted, and more event sign-ups.
Accessible forms make life easier for everyone, whether it’s the user who’s been online for two decades or the one filling out their first form.
Inclusivity and Legal Compliance
Web accessibility guidelines like WCAG compliance (Web Content Accessibility Guidelines) and laws like the ADA (Americans with Disabilities Act) set out the rules for digital accessibility.
Consider these guidelines for website developers who have to make sure that the webpage is accessible to differently-abled people.
These guidelines primarily allow everyone equal access to digital spaces, including forms. Failing to meet these standards can lead to lawsuits and fines—something no business wants. But it’s more than avoiding penalties now.
Accessible forms and digital accessibility govern everyone’s right to equal access. When you’re committed to inclusivity, there are things that go beyond legal compliance, such as building trust and goodwill.
Business Benefits of Accessible Forms
There’s a big upside for businesses when forms are accessible.
Accessible forms open the door to a wider audience. You’re reaching people who might have otherwise faced barriers on your site. This improves brand reputation and user trust.
In fact, 71% of users with disabilities will leave a website that’s hard to use, meaning an inaccessible form could cost you potential customers.
Then there’s the cost-saving angle. Accessible forms mean fewer complaints from frustrated users and fewer customer service issues. Less frustration means higher retention and higher retention means better business.
Adjustments To Create Accessible Forms
Making forms accessible isn’t complicated. A few smart tweaks can transform a frustrating form into one everyone can use easily.
Let’s dive into some essential adjustments that’ll improve form accessibility and create a friendlier experience for everyone.
Color Contrast and Font Size
Ever struggled to read something on a screen because the text seemed to blend into the background? That’s a color contrast problem.
WCAG compliance requires strong contrast between text and background so people with low vision or color blindness can read easily. Aim for dark text on a light background or vice versa.
Also, font size matters. Small text can frustrate anyone, especially on mobile devices. Set a font size that’s easy to read for everyone. And avoid super fancy fonts—stick to clean, readable ones like Arial or Verdana.
Accessible Buttons and Input Fields
Buttons should be big enough to click without accidentally hitting something else. If you’ve ever tried clicking a tiny checkbox on your phone, you know the pain.
Bigger buttons and fields help people with motor challenges, as well as anyone using their thumbs on a touchscreen.
Here’s an example: imagine filling out a form with teeny-tiny “Submit” and “Cancel” buttons. One wrong tap, and bam—you lose everything. Don’t let that happen to your users. Accessible buttons prevent frustration and make forms way more usable.
Placeholder Text and Field Descriptions
Clear, helpful placeholder text in form fields can make a big difference. Placeholder text is that light gray “hint” inside a field, like “Enter your email.” But be careful: placeholders should give hints, not replace labels, because screen readers may not always read them out loud.
Adding field descriptions is also helpful. Instead of just saying “Password,” add a note like, “Use at least eight characters with a mix of letters and numbers.”
This way, users know exactly what’s expected without guesswork. Accessibility testing often shows that clear instructions reduce errors and frustration.
Visual and Non-Visual Elements of Forms
Accessible forms consider all users, including those relying on screen readers or who can’t see visuals well.
Here’s how to make forms friendlier for everyone.
- Screen Reader Compatibility: Screen readers read the text for visually impaired users. They require structured forms. Labeling fields clearly lets screen readers know which field is “First Name” or “Email.” Without labels, screen readers might say “Field 1,” which tells users nothing.
- Alternative Text for Icons: Alt text isn’t just for images; it’s crucial for any non-text element. Screen readers read out the content. Screen readers or other assistive technology cannot differentiate between error messages in the form of icons if the alt text is missing.
- Use of ARIA Landmarks and Roles: ARIA landmarks and roles let you define the sections of a web page using a code. This helps users differentiate between the main content and the footer. For example, if your form has multiple steps, ARIA roles can identify each section, making the form experience smoother for everyone relying on screen readers.
Step-By-Step Guide To Creating Accessible Forms
Simple adjustments, a few tweaks, and plenty of useful tips are going to help you make accessible forms. Here’s a step-by-step guide to help you make forms that work for everyone!
Step 1: Assess Accessibility Needs
Knowing what you’re working on has to be step one. Without knowing what you’re offering to users, you can’t pinpoint the rights and the wrongs. Your form might have certain obstacles, and identifying them can help you determine what changes you need to make.
Conduct an Accessibility Audit
A checklist for accessibility issues will highlight the problems. You can use an accessibility testing tool such as Accessibility Spark to spot issues such as missing labels, color contrast problems, and unstructured fields. A quick audit is like mapping out where you want to go from here.
Identify High-Impact Areas
Not all forms are created equal. If users struggle at point A, they are more likely to skip the form before looking into point B. In order for them to reach point B, you need to create an accessible way in the first place.
For example, the first part of the form is an email address that they must be able to navigate with a keyboard. Focusing on these high-impact areas saves time and makes big improvements right away. Look into the following first.
- Critical button
- Must have fields
- Well-labeled sections
- Heading structures
Step 2: Choose Accessibility Tools
Tools make this process easier. A few clicks can reveal tons of info about your form’s accessibility status.
Accessibility Spark
Accessibility Spark gives you a clear look at where your form could improve, showing issues right on the screen. A quick scan will highlight all the problems within five minutes. This accessibility tool also makes quick fixes and highlights other problems, so it doesn’t leave you guessing.
Screen Reader Testing
Screen readers, like JAWS or NVDA, read out the content, which is important for those relying on assistive technology devices. Try assessing your form with one of these tools. This experience reveals any confusing areas for visually impaired users.
If you get lost using it, chances are, so will they. This gives you an idea about the sections that need adjustments.
Step 3: Implement Accessibility Best Practices
Now that you know the problems, let’s fix them with smart changes. Here’s how to make your form smoother for everyone.
Labeling and Instructions
Always label your fields clearly! Instead of just “Name,” write “First Name (as it appears on ID).” It’s more informative, which helps everyone understand what’s expected.
Avoid relying solely on placeholder text, as screen readers might not pick it up. Make sure labels stay visible.
Field Grouping and Structure
Group-related fields with headers. Think of these like mini-chapters in your form, helping users navigate easily.
For example, group address fields are under one header, and payment info is under another. This makes a big difference for users who rely on keyboard navigation or screen readers.
Keyboard and Screen Reader Optimization
Test if users can tab through fields logically. Every field should be accessible with the Tab key, moving in a natural, top-to-bottom order.
Avoid “keyboard traps,” where users get stuck on a single button or link. Screen reader users should hear each field’s label read out in order. Structure and flow make everything easier!
Step 4: Test & Improve
Testing ensures that everything works as intended. Don’t assume it’s accessible just because you followed guidelines.
Conduct User Testing
Get real feedback from people with disabilities. Ask them to try out the form, then note any issues or confusion.
User testing can reveal hidden challenges you might not notice yourself. Plus, it’s rewarding to see your form actually working for all kinds of users!
Iterate and Improve
Accessibility isn’t a “set it and forget it” situation. You need to keep testing, gathering feedback, and tweaking your form over time. Technology changes, guidelines update, and user needs shift. Always stay on top of it to keep your forms accessible.
Tips and Best Practices for Accessible Forms
Designing forms that work for everyone means paying attention to the little details. Here are some best practices that can make a big difference in form accessibility without repeating what we’ve already covered.
Tip 1: Focus on Input Fields to Keep Users Engaged
You may find yourself lost in a lengthy form with multiple fields. If the selected input field is highlighted, it will be easier for you to interact with the form. Similarly, many other users also find it tough to fill out a form.
Adding a subtle border or changing the background color for the selected field works as a smart visual cue to guide users to the field within the form. This small change has a big impact on accessibility.
Tip 2: Break Up Long Forms with Multi-Step Layouts
People with cognitive disabilities or conditions such as ADHD find it difficult to fill out long forms. A single overwhelming form may distract users.
The best practice would be to divide the form into steps organized by topic. For example, create sections for contact information, shipping, payment details, order details, etc.
Add clear labels to each section. Make sure that your instructions are concise and come with a progress indicator so users can see how far they’ve come. This factor encourages users to complete the form.
Tip 3: Stick to Vertical Layouts When Possible
Horizontal form layouts can be confusing. People using assistive technology devices such as screen readers or keyboard navigation may end up struggling. If the label doesn’t match with the right input, such users are going to feel lost.
A vertical layout with each label directly above the input field provides a clear information flow that is easier to follow. If you have to absolutely use a horizontal layout, you should adjust the spacing accordingly to make every field distinct and readable.
Tip 4: Ensure Error Messages Are Clear and Accessible
When errors occur, users need precise guidance on how to fix them. Relying solely on a red border around the input field can be ineffective, especially for colorblind users. Instead, add a brief message explaining the issue, such as “Invalid email format.”
For screen reader users, implement a “live region” that announces errors immediately so they’re alerted as soon as something needs correction. Clear, accessible error messages go a long way in helping all users complete your form successfully.
Tools for Testing Accessibility
Let’s explore some of the best accessibility tools that can help you spot and fix issues fast, making your forms friendly and easy to use for everyone.
Accessibility Spark
One of the smartest tools that you can use to make adjustments to your form is Accessibility Spark. This AI-driven tool can help your website catch up with the WCAG guidelines within five minutes. Don’t believe it? Try it out yourself.
Once installed, Accessibility Spark’s top-notch features make your forms accessible by running a scan to test for accessibility issues. If your form is missing keyboard navigation, screen reader support, or any such issue, this tool highlights the problem.
It also makes over 100 adjustments to your site or form, some of which are the following:
- Resizing fonts
- Adjusting spacing
- Improving the color contrast ratio
- Adjusting page structure
- Highlighting links
- Adjustments to cursors
These changes seem small, but they’re quite significant in terms of accessibility. When users can clearly see each form field, they make fewer mistakes, which improves user experience.
Moreover, Accessibility Spark can run regular scans to highlight any upcoming issues with new content, so it makes sure you’re always compliant.
WAVE
WAVE (Web Accessibility Evaluation Tool) is a user-friendly browser extension that identifies accessibility issues directly on your webpage. It highlights missing labels, color contrast problems, and other elements that can hinder form accessibility.
With WAVE, you see a visual overlay of potential problems, making it easy to locate and fix each one. This tool is ideal for quickly auditing individual pages and spotting specific issues, especially in forms.
Axe
Axe is another popular tool foraccessibility testing used by developers. Available as a browser extension, Axe scans each page for accessibility errors and offers a clear, detailed report.
It identifies missing labels, keyboard traps, and structure issues, which are all crucial for form accessibility. If you want reliable and in-depth results, Axe is just the tool you need.
Let’s take a quick look at these tools and how they benefit form accessibility.
| Tool | Main Features | Best For | Functionality |
| Accessibility Spark | AI-driven adjustments, daily scans, keyboard support, screen reader compatibility, font resizing, color contrast | Broad accessibility improvements | Provides 100+ adjustments and a certification within 48 hours; integrates with Shopify for e-commerce. |
| WAVE | Browser extension for visual accessibility overlays, highlights issues directly on the page | Quick page audits | Great for spotting specific issues on forms, especially missing labels or color contrast problems. |
| Axe | Detailed accessibility reports, identifies keyboard traps, structural issues | In-depth developer testing | Popular among developers; provides comprehensive, reliable results ideal for thorough testing. |
Wrap Up
Accessible forms are more important than ever to cater to a wider audience. When more people can effortlessly interact with the forms, businesses can benefit more while also improving user satisfaction.
Inclusivity and usability are two important aspects of form accessibility; therefore, this isn’t just about legal compliance. Think about playing your part in making our digital world more inclusive, welcoming, and user-friendly.
Compliance, however, is an ongoing process. You must follow WCAG and ADA standards with smart tools such as Accessibility Spark to keep up with the best practices and ever-changing guidelines.